14 research outputs found
Urban flash flood vulnerability:spatial assessment and adaptation - a case study in Istanbul, Turkey
The Ayamama River basin in Istanbul is a densely populated urban area that is frequently impacted by flash floods causing damage to people and infrastructure. The IPCC expects that under climate change conditions, more intense precipitation will occur, leading to a higher risk of flash floods. Approaches to assess vulnerability focus on particular hazards without relating to climate change; usually emphasizing either physical or social vulnerability. However, enabling governance systems to deal with risks due to climate change requires participation of local inhabitants and inclusion of local knowledge for planning effective climate change adaptation measures. This paper presents a framework for a spatial assessment of urban vulnerability to flash floods under climate change conditions. Qualitative interviews were conducted to capture local knowledge of citizens in the Ayamama area about flood events and climate change. Spatial multi criteria evaluation was applied to calculate vulnerability indices
Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study
Background: Approximately 450â000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63â093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11â848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11â476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11â848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10â099 (89·9%) of 11â235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11â848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10â202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10â804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10â428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life
Plant diversity patterns in neotropical dry forests and their conservation implications
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from American Association for the Advancement of Science via the DOI in this record.Seasonally dry tropical forests are distributed across Latin America and the Caribbean and are highly threatened, with less than 10% of their original extent remaining in many countries. Using 835 inventories covering 4660 species of woody plants, we show marked floristic turnover among inventories and regions, which may be higher than in other neotropical biomes, such as savanna. Such high floristic turnover indicates that numerous conservation areas across many countries will be needed to protect the full diversity of tropical dry forests. Our results provide a scientific framework within which national decision-makers can contextualize the floristic significance of their dry forest at a regional and continental scale.This paper is the result of the Latin American and Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Floristic Network (DRYFLOR), which has been supported at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh by a Leverhulme Trust International Network Grant (IN-074). This work was also supported by the U.K. Natural Environment Research Council grant NE/I028122/1; Colciencias Ph.D. scholarship 529; Synthesys Programme GBTAF-2824; the NSF (NSF 1118340 and 1118369); the Instituto Humboldt (IAvH)âRed colombiana de investigaciĂłn y monitoreo en bosque seco; the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI; Tropi-Dry, CRN2-021, funded by NSF GEO 0452325); Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR); and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas (CONICET). The data reported in this paper are available at www.dryflor.info. R.T.P. conceived the study. M.P., A.O.-F., K.B.-R., R.T.P., and J.W. designed the DRYFLOR database system. K.B.-R. and K.G.D. carried out most analyses. K.B.-R. R.T.P., and K.G.D. wrote the manuscript with substantial input from A.D.-S., R.L.-P., A.O.-F., D.P., C.Q., and R.R. All the authors contributed data, discussed further analyses, and commented on various versions of the manuscript. K.B.-R. thanks G. Galeano who introduced her to dry forest research. We thank J. L. Marcelo, I. Huamantupa, C. Reynel, S. Palacios, and A. Daza for help with fieldwork and data entry in Peru
Diabetic foot ulcers treatment with silver nanoparticles
Diabetic foot ulcers are highly susceptible to microbial infections and are the leading cause of lower limb hospitalization and amputation in diabetic patients. Due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most widely used nanomaterial in biomedicine. Herein, we present the usage of AgNPs for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with a stage II in Wagner classification. In addition to conventional antibiotic treatment, the ulcers were treated with topical administration of AgNPs at a concentration of 1.2 mg/ml of metallic silver. The results showed a significant improvement in the evolution of the ulcers, where the edges of the lesion were effectively approached, granulation tissue being observed, edema decreased and fibrin plaques. These results form the basis for further studies on the use of AgNPs for the treatment of chronic ulcers of different origins.Las Ășlceras del pie diabĂ©tico son altamente susceptibles a infecciones microbianas y son la principal causa de hospitalizaciĂłn y amputaciĂłn de extremidades inferiores en pacientes diabĂ©ticos. Debido a sus propiedades antimicrobianas y anti-inflamatorias, las nanopartĂculas de plata (AgNPs) son el nanomaterial mĂĄs utilizado en biomedicina. En este trabajo presentamos el uso de AgNPs para el tratamiento de Ășlceras de pie diabĂ©tico grado II de la clasificaciĂłn de Wagner. AdemĂĄs del tratamiento con antibiĂłticos convencionales, las Ășlceras fueron tratadas mediante la administraciĂłn tĂłpica de AgNPs a una concentraciĂłn de 1.2 mg/mL de plata metĂĄlica. Los resultados obtenidos, revelan una mejora significativa en la evoluciĂłn de las Ășlceras, en donde los bordes de la lesiĂłn se acercaron de manera efectiva, observĂĄndose tejido de granulaciĂłn, disminuciĂłn del edema y placas de fibrina. Estos resultados constituyen la base para nuevos estudios sobre el uso de AgNPs para el tratamiento de Ășlceras crĂłnicas de diferentes orĂgenes
Diseño estratĂ©gico y gestiĂłn del espacio pĂșblico para un entorno sostenible en la pospandemia por COVID-19
Se presentan aportaciones teĂłricas, conceptuales y empĂricas generadas sobre el impacto de la pandemia en nuestra sociedad, organizadas en dos vertientes temĂĄticas claramente definidas e interrelacionadas: el diseño estratĂ©gico y la gestiĂłn del espacio pĂșblico como factores indispensables en el desarrollo de entornos sostenibles durante la pandemia y en la pospandemia
XIII Jornada de InvestigaciĂłn 2022
Los desafĂos en las dinĂĄmicas econĂłmicas, sociales, polĂticas y psicolĂłgicas han puesto de relieve la importancia de involucrar en la enseñanza universitaria actividades que conecten a los estudiantes con las realidades del contexto en el que se desarrollan; simultĂĄneamente, hoy mĂĄs que nunca se hace evidente que la ciencia, la tecnologĂa y la innovaciĂłn (CTI) son cruciales para atender los retos sociales, ambientales y econĂłmicos de las sociedades actuales.
En este contexto, la Jornada de InvestigaciĂłn de la Universidad CatĂłlica de Colombia es quizĂĄs uno de los espacios institucionales mĂĄs emblemĂĄticos en el que se visibilizan las actividades en CTI de estudiantes, jĂłvenes investigadores y profesores, que buscan contribuir a la soluciĂłn de problemĂĄticas relevantes del entorno. En esta oportunidad, aproximadamente 177 autores y mĂĄs de 250 espectadores se dieron cita en un escenario virtual que permitiĂł el intercambio de saberes y conocimientos en torno a muchos temas con un lenguaje comĂșn: el bienestar de la humanidad y la respuesta efectiva a los retos que tenemos como comunidad.
Esta cuarta versiĂłn de las Memorias compila las ponencias presentadas en la XIII Jornada de InvestigaciĂłn de 2022, enmarcadas en los tres ejes temĂĄticos de investigaciĂłn que tiene la Universidad CatĂłlica de Colombia: i) Derecho, Cultura y Sociedad, ii) Desarrollo Humano y Sostenible, y iii) GestiĂłn de la TecnologĂa al Servicio de la Sociedad.
Desde la DirecciĂłn Central de Investigaciones nos encontramos profundamente agradecidos con todos y cada uno de los participantes, y nos sentimos aĂșn mĂĄs orgullosos por la calidad de los trabajos presentados. Sea esta la oportunidad para hacer extensiva una felicitaciĂłn a los autores y a las diferentes Unidades AcadĂ©micas que, con su compromiso e invaluable labor, permitieron que este evento se desarrollara con Ă©xito.Persona, hospitalidad y construcciĂłn de comunidad desde la fraternidad.
JosĂ© MartĂ: acerca de la libertad en la condiciĂłn humana.
Moda, imagen y alimentaciĂłn: una trĂada para el bien y para el mal.
Lecciones de la pandemia de covid-19: conflictos entre la protecciĂłn jurĂdica de las patentes farmacĂ©uticas
y el interĂ©s general de la salud pĂșblica.
PsicologĂa y sexualidad: propuesta para la formaciĂłn de psicĂłlogos colombianos.
Estrategias para el desarrollo de herramientas que fomentan el aprendizaje para el reconocimiento y la apropiaciĂłn del patrimonio cultural.
AnĂĄlisis descriptivo de relatos honestos y deshonestos por medio del sistema de evaluaciĂłn global.
El uso de la herramienta LIWC para el estudio de relatos altruistas y prosociales.
ÂżDe quĂ© manera influyen las redes sociales como medio de informaciĂłn en campañas polĂticas?.
Sistema de Seguridad Social en Colombia: una crisis deficitaria que se refuerza con el tiempo.
Turismo sexual en menores de edad: problemåtica endémica en el territorio colombiano.
TransgresiĂłn de los derechos humanos en relaciĂłn con los asesinatos de lĂderes sociales en el Estado colombiano.
El nuevo escenario para la procedencia de la eutanasia en Colombia: una mirada desde los derechos humanos.
ProtecciĂłn de los derechos de la infancia frente a los grupos al margen de la ley.
El derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado: un enfoque hacia el desplazamiento forzado de los pueblos indĂgenas.
TrĂĄfico de Ăłrganos humanos: delito transnacional que vulnera los derechos humanos y su regulaciĂłn
en el marco jurĂdico colombiano.
TransgresiĂłn de los derechos a la vida y la libertad en el sistema penitenciario como consecuencia de la violencia social.
Acceso a la justicia colombiana en tiempos de SARS-CoV-2.
Prioridades para la administraciĂłn de justicia penal en Colombia: Âżbalanceando espectĂĄculo e indicadores de eficacia?
Desarrollo de competencias para la investigaciĂłn en neuropsicologĂa: experiencia del semillero experimental.
La dificultad al ingreso de los centros geriĂĄtricos.
Principio de realidad sobre la formalidad constitucional en contrato verbal laboral en un satélite del Consultorio
JurĂdico de la Universidad CatĂłlica de Colombia.
La pena de muerte en colisiĂłn con los derechos fundamentales.
Maternidad subrogada: objetificaciĂłn y vulneraciĂłn de los derechos de la mujer.
Una dieta inconsciente hacia el vegetarianismo.
Sistema de evaluación del bienestar gerontológico para un diseño arquitectónico sostenible. Caso de estudio:
hogar de paso San Francisco de AsĂs, Villavicencio, Meta.
RevisiĂłn sistemĂĄtica interacciĂłn lĂder-colaborador: futuras investigaciones.
Anålisis conceptual del talento académico desde los modelos teóricos que lo sustentan.
IdentificaciĂłn de potenciales factores de riesgo suicida: una mirada contextual.
La regulaciĂłn emocional en tiempos de coronavirus.
GEES: GuĂa de EvaluaciĂłn de Edificaciones Sostenibles, vivienda de interĂ©s social, clima cĂĄlido hĂșmedo.
Estructura proyectual y sostenible para el diseño y desarrollo de un modelo de vivienda de madera en San Andrés y Providencia, Colombia.
InnovaciĂłn social para la gestiĂłn territorial.
ConstrucciĂłn de material didĂĄctico para el entrenamiento en habilidades de regulaciĂłn emocional e interpersonales dirigidas a poblaciones expuestas a situaciones de violencia polĂtica.
Alternativas sostenibles de modelos de desarrollo industrial.
La ruralidad dentro de los procesos del desarrollo local en Usme.
Se ha dejado de dibujar arquitectura con las manos.
Calidad de vida, bienestar y felicidad en el trabajo: una revisiĂłn sistemĂĄtica de la literatura cientĂfica, 2011-2021.
AutonomĂa, autorregulaciĂłn y educaciĂłn moral: reflexiones desde la psicologĂa del desarrollo moral.
CaracterĂsticas de los niños, niñas y adolescentes expuestos a contextos de conflicto armado en Colombia.
RevisiĂłn bibliomĂ©trica de artĂculos sobre la crianza en niños, niñas y adolescentes colombianos.
Narrativas sociales en el proceso de cualificaciĂłn de lo pĂșblico
La habitaciĂłn exterior como extensiĂłn de la vivienda.
UtilizaciĂłn de nanopartĂculas magnĂ©ticas Fe3O4 y ozono para la degradaciĂłn/eliminaciĂłn de azul de metileno
en agua residual textil.
Estudio paramétrico de un modelo numérico Fem de un ensayo CBR.
ÂżCĂłmo construir identidad de manera incluyente a partir del reconocimiento de patrimonio cultural construido?.
Veracidad de los resultados del ensayo de penetraciĂłn dinĂĄmica de CONO(PDC).
AnĂĄlisis de texto a partir del procesamiento de lenguaje natural para identificar sintomatologĂa depresiva en redes sociales.
AnĂĄlisis de texto para la detecciĂłn de depresiĂłn en comentarios de usuarios de la red social Instagram.
Diseño y desarrollo de un videojuego para evaluar la interacciĂłn de las redes atencionales en la sintomatologĂa depresiva.
Herramienta tecnolĂłgica para el apoyo en la detecciĂłn de sintomatologĂa ansiosa en jĂłvenes.
OptimizaciĂłn del despliegue de aplicaciones web a partir de computaciĂłn en nube sin servidor.
Prototipo alfa de un videojuego serio para el apoyo en la detecciĂłn de sintomatologĂa depresiva en adultos jĂłvenes.
La importancia de la visualizaciĂłn de datos en la era del Big Data y sus herramientas.
Prototipo de sensor para el registro electroencefalogrĂĄfico.
Prototipo de un algoritmo basado en inteligencia artificial para el apoyo a especialistas en el diagnĂłstico del Alzheimer.
Evaluación posocupacional del confort térmico en la vivienda social: anålisis de una revisión sistemåtica prisma desde el diseño resiliente.
Inteligencia artificial, problema u oportunidad para el Derecho.
Impacto en el empleo en relaciĂłn con las TIC y la inteligencia artificial.
Neuroprivacidad.
El test de asociaciĂłn implĂcita, un paradigma que permite abordar nuestras actitudes inconscientes.
ÂżCuĂĄl es el lĂmite del uso de las tecnologĂas frente al derecho de informaciĂłn y de la libre expresiĂłn?.
Tendencias de fijaciĂłn de precios basados en el valor: un anĂĄlisis desde la minerĂa de datos.
Recorrido virtual de la Universidad CatĂłlica de Colombia Sede Claustro para la inducciĂłn de estudiantes y docentes.
IntroducciĂłn a la bioarquitectura del paisaje, cartilla Paisaje, ambiente y tecnologĂa. DescripciĂłn plan piloto (ChoachĂ).
CaracterizaciĂłn de las habilidades especĂficas para el reconocimiento del patrimonio cultural â Borde urbano sur oriental de BogotĂĄ.
Videojuego para estimular la memoria episĂłdica en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve: validaciĂłn de contenido.
CONCLUSIONESTercera ediciĂł
Epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients: the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study
Purpose
In the critically ill, hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSI) are associated with significant mortality. Granular data are required for optimizing management, and developing guidelines and clinical trials.
Methods
We carried out a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (â„â18 years of age) with HA-BSI treated in intensive care units (ICUs) between June 2019 and February 2021.
Results
2600 patients from 333 ICUs in 52 countries were included. 78% HA-BSI were ICU-acquired. Median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 8 [IQR 5; 11] at HA-BSI diagnosis. Most frequent sources of infection included pneumonia (26.7%) and intravascular catheters (26.4%). Most frequent pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria (59.0%), predominantly Klebsiella spp. (27.9%), Acinetobacter spp. (20.3%), Escherichia coli (15.8%), and Pseudomonas spp. (14.3%). Carbapenem resistance was present in 37.8%, 84.6%, 7.4%, and 33.2%, respectively. Difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) was present in 23.5% and pan-drug resistance in 1.5%. Antimicrobial therapy was deemed adequate within 24 h for 51.5%. Antimicrobial resistance was associated with longer delays to adequate antimicrobial therapy. Source control was needed in 52.5% but not achieved in 18.2%. Mortality was 37.1%, and only 16.1% had been discharged alive from hospital by day-28.
Conclusions
HA-BSI was frequently caused by Gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant and DTR pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance led to delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy. Mortality was high, and at day-28 only a minority of the patients were discharged alive from the hospital. Prevention of antimicrobial resistance and focusing on adequate antimicrobial therapy and source control are important to optimize patient management and outcomes
The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies
International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population
The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies
International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population